INTRODUCTION

India is the second-largest tea producer in the world, following China. It contributes about 20% of global tea production, exporting billions of pounds annually to various countries, including the United States, the United Kingdom, and Russia. Tea is an integral part of Indian culture and hospitality. It is commonly served to guests and is a staple in many households. The two main varieties of tea plants cultivated in India are Camellia sinensis var. sinensis, native to China, typically used for lighter teas, and Camellia sinensis var. assamica, native to India, used for heartier, more robust teas.

HISTORY

Tea is believed to have been consumed in India for centuries, primarily among indigenous tribes in the northeastern regions. However, its commercialization began in the early 19th century under British colonial rule. In 1823, British official Robert Bruce encountered the indigenous tea plant (Camellia sinensis) in Assam and recognized its commercial potential. A few years later, the first tea plantations were established, marking the beginning of the Indian tea industry.

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