Sheng (Raw) Pu'Er is a unique type of tea made from Camellia Sinensis, which transforms over time and gains new taste, character, and qualities. Tea is always made from special raw materials and, in a certain year, has an individual and special taste and aroma. Production is limited by many factors, such as the number of trees, yield, and volume of production. The harvest changes every year, even if the same tea factory harvests raw materials from the same garden. Speaking about this category, storage conditions play a fundamental role.
Due to Yunnan's unique geographic location and climate, Pu'Er contains more water extracts and tea polyphenols than most medium- and small-leaf teas. This provides the necessary reagents for the post-fermentation process. Proper production procedures, such as traditional wok-frying and sun-drying, are necessary to preserve important enzymes and microorganisms for the post-fermentation process. With proper heating, we can preserve enzymes. During sun-drying, sunlight will again enhance the growth of microorganisms. When the Mao Cha is steamed for pressing the cake, the additional moisture re-activates enzyme activity and enzyme oxidation. Pressing requires time for the tea to take shape and a low temperature during drying. This stage creates perfect conditions for the life of microorganisms. While the tea is soft and moist after steaming, it creates a favorable environment for the growth of fungi and bacteria. These microorganisms secrete enzymes that are involved in the post-fermentation process. The fermentation process after drying Pu'Er in the sun is enzymatic oxidation of residual enzymes with the participation of microorganisms that secrete additional enzymes due to the influence of humidity, as well as non-enzymatic oxidation and post-esterification reaction during long-term storage. According to the quality of raw materials and production methods, different storage methods are chosen, involving different environmental conditions and process organization, to improve the quality of tea.
Good storage can increase the quality and price of Pu'Er Tea, while bad storage can ruin it. Sheng Pu'Er is the only tea whose description indicates the method and place of storage like 'dry' or 'wet', 'Chinese', 'Hong Kong', 'Taiwanese', etc. Two identical cakes in the past, stored in different conditions, over years, turn into two different teas. For beautiful and harmonious development, Sheng needs humidity, warmth, and air, it needs to breathe, and that's why they are traditionally packed in paper. Sometimes you can find Pu'Er cakes sealed in a vacuum, but only in case to be temporarily protected from possible harmful environmental influences, or during transportation.
OXYGEN
Pu'Er needs air ventilation. If Pu'er is exposed to too much air, the tea will become weaker. Sensations, tastes, and aromas will be lost and become faded and inconspicuous. This occurs because the internal oxidation process occurs too quickly. Poor ventilation is more than enough to age Pu'Er. The tea should be placed indoors with access to fresh air for several days a week. An open window or door brings more than enough oxygen into the storage room.
It is worth paying special attention that in addition to the fact that Pu'Er is a drink, due to its age, it can have a collectible value and become more expensive with time. Such tea is usually pressed into various forms for further storage. Pressed tea takes up less space, is most suitable for long-term storage.
TEMPERATURE AND HUMIDITY
The quality of tea is very closely related to the basic chemical elements present in the tea leaf, such as catechins, amino acids, and soluble saccharides. As it ages, Pu'Er becomes more fragrant and tasty. The process of changing the taste characteristics of tea leaves is closely related to factors such as moisture content, temperature, exposure to oxygen, and exposure to sunlight, which leads to changes in the characteristics of the main chemical components of the quality of Pu'Er tea, its color, aroma, and taste. The transparency of the infusion increases, and the tea gains a mature, complex, and mellow taste. The color of the infusion and taste are the result of the interaction of all the chemical components of the tea leaf, and they are most susceptible to the influence of factors such as temperature and moisture content.
If Pu'Er tea has already acquired such qualities as a dark (red) color of the infusion, a distinct aroma of aging, and a dense, aged taste, the endless storage will certainly lead to the gradual decomposition and oxidation of the beneficial components contained in the tea leaf, and the special taste in Pu'Er will disappear. Therefore, in the process of storing Pu'Er, it is necessary to choose suitable methods and timing based on the condition of the tea leaves.
This category of tea inspires by its elegance, depth, richness, and huge variety of experiences.
There are two different styles, speaking about storing and aging Pu'Er Tea: Dry and Wet Storage!